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'''İnteqral''' - kəsilməz ''f(x)'' funksiyasının ibtidai funksiyalarının ümumi şəklinə ''f(x)'' funksiyasının '''inteqralı''' deyilir.
== Tarixi ==
[[Şəkil:Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz.jpg|miniatur|thumb|200px|right|[[Qotfrid Leybnits]]]]
[[Şəkil:Sir Isaac Newton by Sir Godfrey Kneller, Bt.jpg|miniatur|thumb|200px|left|Ser [[İsaak Nyuton]]]]
İnteqral sahəsində ən böyük işləri [[Qotfrid Leybnits]] və [[İsaak Nyuton]] görmüşlər. "İnteqral" sözünü və işarəsini ilk dəfə elmə [[almanlar|alman]] alimi [[Qotfrid Leybnits]] işlətmişdir. Bu söz latıncadan "Cəm" ("ſumma", "summa") mənasını verir.İnteqral '''∫''' hərfi ilə işarə edilir:
:<math>F(x) = \int f(x)+ c, </math>
:<math>F = \int f(x)\,dx.</math>
== İnteqral hesabına aid nümunə ==
:<math>f(x) = 5x^2 + 9x + 15\,</math>.
: <math>\int \operatorname{arcsech}\,x \, dx = x \operatorname{arcsech} x- \arctan{\left(\frac{x}{x-1}\sqrt{\frac{1-x}{1+x}}\right)} + C</math>
: <math>\int \operatorname{arccoth}\,x \, dx = x \operatorname{arccoth} x+ \frac{1}{2}\log{(x^2-1)} + C</math>
==İstinadlar==
* {{Citation | last=Apostol | first=Tom M. | author-link=Tom M. Apostol | title=Calculus, Vol. 1: One-Variable Calculus with an Introduction to Linear Algebra | year=1967 | edition=2nd | publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons|Wiley]] | isbn=978-0-471-00005-1}}
* {{Citation | last=Bourbaki| first=Nicolas | author-link=Nicolas Bourbaki | title=Integration I | year=2004 | publisher=[[Springer Science+Business Media|Springer Verlag]] | isbn=3-540-41129-1}}. In particular chapters III and IV.
* {{Citation | last=Burton | first=David M. | title=The History of Mathematics: An Introduction | edition=6th | year=2005<!--November 8--> | publisher=[[McGraw-Hill]] | isbn=978-0-07-305189-5 | page=359}}
* {{Citation | last=Cajori | first=Florian | author-link=Florian Cajori | title=A History Of Mathematical Notations Volume II | year=1929 | publisher=[[Open Court Publishing Company|Open Court Publishing]] | url=http://www.archive.org/details/historyofmathema027671mbp | isbn=978-0-486-67766-8 | pages=247–252}}
* {{Citation | last1=Dahlquist | first1=Germund | author1-link=Germund Dahlquist | last2=Björck | first2=Åke | title=Numerical Methods in Scientific Computing, Volume I | publisher=[[Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics|SIAM]] | location=Philadelphia | year=2008 | url=http://www.mai.liu.se/~akbjo/NMbook.html | chapter=Chapter 5: Numerical Integration}}
* {{Citation | last = Folland | first = Gerald B.| title=Real Analysis: Modern Techniques and Their Applications | edition=1st | publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]] | year = 1984 | isbn=978-0-471-80958-6 }}
* {{Citation | last=Fourier | first=Jean Baptiste Joseph | author-link=Joseph Fourier | title=Théorie analytique de la chaleur | year=1822 | publisher=Chez Firmin Didot, père et fils | url=http://books.google.com/books?id=TDQJAAAAIAAJ | page=§231}}<br /
>Available in translation as {{citation | last=Fourier | first=Joseph | title=The analytical theory of heat | year=1878<!--original 1822--> | publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] | url=http://www.archive.org/details/analyticaltheory00fourrich | others=Freeman, Alexander (trans.) | pages=200–201}}
* {{Citation | editor-last=Heath | editor-first=T. L. | editor-link=T. L. Heath | title = The Works of Archimedes | year = 2002 | publisher = [[Dover Publications|Dover]] | isbn = 978-0-486-42084-4 | url = http://www.archive.org/details/worksofarchimede029517mbp }}<br/>(Originally published by [[Cambridge University Press]], 1897, based on J. L. Heiberg's Greek version.)
* {{Citation | last=Hildebrandt | first=T. H. | author-link= | title=Integration in abstract spaces | journal=[[Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society]] | volume=59 | number=2 | year=1953 | pages=111–139 | url=http://projecteuclid.org/euclid.bams/1183517761 | issn=0273-0979}}
* {{Citation | last1=Kahaner | first1=David | last2=Moler | first2=Cleve | author2-link=Cleve Moler | last3=Nash | first3=Stephen | title=Numerical Methods and Software | year=1989 | publisher=[[Prentice Hall]] | chapter=Chapter 5: Numerical Quadrature | isbn=978-0-13-627258-8 }}
* {{Citation | last=Leibniz | first=Gottfried Wilhelm | author-link=Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz | title=Der Briefwechsel von Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz mit Mathematikern. Erster Band | editor-last=Gerhardt | editor-first=Karl Immanuel | place=Berlin | publisher=Mayer & Müller | year=1899 | url=http://name.umdl.umich.edu/AAX2762.0001.001}}
<!--
* ''Der Briefwechsel von Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz mit Mathematikern. Erster Band. Hrsg. von C. I. Gerhardt. Mit Unterstützung der Königl. Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften.''<br /
>Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm, Freiherr von, 1646–1716., Gerhardt, Karl Immanuel, ed. 1816–1899, Berlin: Mayer & Müller, 1899. [http://name.umdl.umich.edu/AAX2762.0001.001]
-->
* {{Citation | last=Miller | first=Jeff | title=Earliest Uses of Symbols of Calculus | url=http://jeff560.tripod.com/calculus.html | accessdate=2009-11-22}}
* {{Citation | last1=O’Connor | first1=J. J. | last2=Robertson | first2=E. F. | title=A history of the calculus | year=1996 | url=http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/HistTopics/The_rise_of_calculus.html | accessdate=2007-07-09 }}
* {{Citation | last=Rudin | first=Walter | author-link=Walter Rudin | title=Real and Complex Analysis | year=1987 | edition=International | publisher=[[McGraw-Hill]] | chapter=Chapter 1: Abstract Integration | isbn=978-0-07-100276-9}}
* {{Citation | last=Saks | first=Stanisław | author-link=Stanisław Saks | title=Theory of the integral | url=http://matwbn.icm.edu.pl/kstresc.php?tom=7&wyd=10&jez= | edition= English translation by L. C. Young. With two additional notes by Stefan Banach. Second revised | publisher= Dover | place=New York | year=1964 }}
* {{Citation | last1=Stoer | first1=Josef | last2=Bulirsch | first2=Roland | year=2002 | title=Introduction to Numerical Analysis | edition=3rd | publisher=[[Springer Science+Business Media|Springer]] | chapter=Chapter 3: Topics in Integration | isbn=978-0-387-95452-3 }}.
* {{Citation | author=W3C | year=2006<!--January--> | title=Arabic mathematical notation<!--W3C Interest Group Note 31--> | url=http://www.w3.org/TR/arabic-math/}}
== Xarici keçidlər ==
* {{MathWorld|Integral|Integral}}
* [http://integrals.wolfram.com Wolfram Integrator]
[[Kateqoriya:Riyazi analiz]]
[[Kateqoriya:İnteqral hesabıhesablama]]
{{Link FA|ca}}
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