Maratha imperiyası: Redaktələr arasındakı fərq

Silinən məzmun Əlavə edilmiş məzmun
Teqlər: Mobil redaktə Mobil veb redaktə
k clean up using AWB
Sətir 79:
 
== Tarixi ==
[[1674]]-cü ildə [[Maratxlar|Maratx]] kəndlilərinin çıxışı [[Şivaçi]]<nowiki/>nin başçılıq etdiyi Maratx dövlətinin yaradılması ilə nəticələndi. [[1747]]-ci ildə [[Nadir şah Əfşar|Nadir şah]]ın öldürülməsindən sonra [[Əhməd şah Qacar|Əhməd şah]] müstəqil [[Əfqanıstan|Əfqan dövləti]]<nowiki/>nin əsasını qoydu. Bu zaman Maratx dövləti [[Hindistan|Hindistanda]]da ən böyük siyasi qüvvəyə çevrilmişdi və ümumhindistan miqyasında hegemonluğa can atırdı. [[1759]]—[[1761]]-ci illərdə Hindistan uğrunda Əfqan-Maratx müharibəsi baş verdi. [[1761]]-ci ilin [[14 yanvar|yanvarın 14-də]] [[Panipat döyüşü]] müharibənin sonu oldu. Məğlub olan Maratx dövləti bir daha özünə gələ bilmədi. Panipat döyüşü həm də [[Böyük Moğol İmperiyası|Böyük Moğol İmperiyasının]]nın süqutu demək idi. Lakin [[əfqanlar]] ölkədə möhkəmlənə bilməyib buranı tərk etdilər.
 
==İmperatorlar==
Sətir 94:
== Ədəbiyyat ==
* {{cite book|title=Studies in Mughal History|last=Agrawal|first=Ashvini|year=1983|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass|chapter=Events leading to the Battle of Panipat|isbn=81-208-2326-5 |url=https://books.google.com/?id=AZdCrUxFAHEC&pg=PA26|ref=harv}}
 
* {{cite journal|last1=Ahmad|first1=Aziz|last2=Krishnamurti|first2=R.|title=Akbar: The Religious Aspect.|journal=The Journal of Asian Studies|volume=21|issue=4|year=1962|pages=577|issn=00219118|doi=10.2307/2050934|ref=harv}}
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Barua|first=Pradeep |title=The State at War in South Asia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FIIQhuAOGaIC&pg=PA91|year=2005|publisher=University of Nebraska Press|isbn=0-8032-1344-1}}
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Bhave|first=Y. G. |title=From the Death of Shivaji to the Death of Aurangzeb: The Critical Years|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q5kVk6msxUcC&pg=PA28|year=2000|publisher=Northern Book Centre|isbn=978-81-7211-100-7}}
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Bhosle|first=Prince Pratap Sinh Serfoji Raje |title=Contributions of Thanjavur Maratha Kings|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V-RDDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT143|edition= 2nd|year=2017|publisher=Notion Press|isbn=978-1-948230-95-7}}
 
* {{cite book|title=A Military History of Britain: from 1775 to the Present|first=Jeremy|last=Black|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|year=2006|isbn=978-0-275-99039-8|location=Westport, Conn.|url=https://books.google.com/?id=hNVtQY4sXYMC|ref=harv}}
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Bose|first=MeliaBelli |title="Women, Gender and Art in Asia, c. 1500-1900 "|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZiMxDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT69|year=2017|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-351-53655-4}}
 
* {{cite book|last=Capper|first=John |title=Delhi, the Capital of India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aqqBPS1TDUgC&pg=PA28|year=1997|publisher=Asian Educational Services|isbn=978-81-206-1282-2|ref=harv}}
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Chaurasia|first=R.S. |title=History of the Marathas|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D_v3Y7hns8QC&pg=PA13|year=2004|publisher=Atlantic |location=New Delhi|isbn=978-81-269-0394-8}}
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Chaturvedi|first=Prof. R. P. |title=Great Personalities|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UBSlBQAAQBAJ&pg=PT197|year=2010|publisher=Upkar Prakashan|isbn=978-81-7482-061-7}}
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Chhabra|first=G.S.|title=Advance Study in the History of Modern India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UkDi6rVbckoC&pg=PA56|volume= (Volume-1: 1707-1803)|year=2005|publisher=Lotus Press|isbn=978-81-89093-06-8}}
 
* {{cite book|title=The Anglo-Maratha Campaigns and the Contest for India: The Struggle for Control of the South Asian Military Economy|first=Randolf G. S. |last=Cooper|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|year=2003|ref=harv|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qweZWra_tbwC&pg=PA69}}
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|author=Disha Experts|title=Breathing in Bodhi - the General Awareness/ Comprehension book - Life Skills/ Level 2 for the avid readers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WVk1DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA227|year=2017|publisher=Disha Publications|isbn=978-93-84583-48-4}}
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last1=Edwardes|first1=Stephen Meredyth |last2=Garrett|first2=Herbert Leonard Offley |title=Mughal Rule in India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4aqU9Zu7mFoC|year=1995|publisher=Atlantic Publishers & Dist|location=Delhi|isbn=978-81-7156-551-1}}
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Farooqui|first=Salma Ahmed |title=A Comprehensive History of Medieval India: Twelfth to the Mid-Eighteenth Century|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sxhAtCflwOMC&pg=PA334|year=2011|publisher=Pearson Education India|isbn=978-81-317-3202-1}}
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=GashGash|first=Norman |title=Wellington: Studies in the Military and Political Career of the First Duke of Wellington|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eCC8AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA17|year=1990|publisher=Manchester University Press|isbn=978-0-7190-2974-5}}
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Ghazi|first=M.A.|title=Islamic Renaissance In South Asia (1707-1867) : The Role Of Shah Waliallah & His Successors|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QO4KjzuJ52QC&pg=PA130|year=2002|publisher=Adam|location=New Delhi|isbn=978-81-7435-400-6}}
 
* {{cite book |first=Balkrishna Govind |last=Gokhale |title=Poona in the eighteenth century: an urban history |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=THR5AAAAIAAJ |year=1988 |publisher=Oxford University Press |ref=harv}}
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Hasan|first=Mohibbul |title=History of Tipu Sultan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hkbJ6xA1_jEC&pg=PA105|year=2005|publisher=Aakar Books|location=Delhi |isbn=978-81-87879-57-2}}
 
* {{cite book|first=V. G.|last= Hatalkar|title=Relations Between the French and the Marathas: 1668-1815|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oUTRAAAAMAAJ|year=1958|publisher=T.V. Chidambaran|ref=harv}}
 
* {{cite book |title=Vijayanagara voices: exploring South Indian history and Hindu literature |last=Jackson |first=William Joseph |publisher=Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. |year=2005 |isbn=9780754639503 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PxvDNBc4qwUC&pg=PA38 |ref=harv}}
 
* {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PY2Rp7s8g0UC&pg=PA25 |title=Urban Politics in India: Area, Power, and Policy in a Penetrated System |first=Rodney W. |last=Jones |publisher=University of California Press |year= 1974|page=25|isbn=978-0-520-02545-5 |ref=harv}}
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Kantak|first=M. R. |title=The First Anglo-Maratha War, 1774-1783: A Military Study of Major Battles|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cdXnVOKKkssC&pg=PA10|year=1993|publisher=Popular Prakashan|isbn=978-81-7154-696-1}}
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last1=Kincaid|first1=Charles Augustus |last2=Pārasanīsa|first2=Dattātraya Baḷavanta |title=A History of the Maratha People: From the death of Shahu to the end of the Chitpavan epic|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=srE5AQAAIAAJ|volume=Volume III |year=1925|publisher=S. Chand}}
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Kulakarṇī|first=A. Rā |title=Marathas and the Marathas Country: The Marathas|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kyBuAAAAMAAJ|year=1996|publisher=Books & Books}}
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Kulkarni|first=Sumitra |title=The Satara Raj, 1818-1848: A Study in History, Administration, and Culture|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SYOSHaZnBy8C&pg=PA21|year=1995|publisher=Mittal Publications|isbn=978-81-7099-581-4}}
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Lee|first=Wayne |title=Empires and Indigenes: Intercultural Alliance, Imperial Expansion, and Warfare in the Early Modern World|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xatMrooibacC&pg=PA85|year=2011|publisher=NYU Press|isbn=978-0-8147-6527-2}}
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|editor-first=J.O.|editor-last= Lindsay|title=The New Cambridge Modern History|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1BY9AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA556|volume=Vol. VII The Old Regime 1713-63|year=1967|publisher=University Press|location=Cambridge}}
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Majumdar|first=R. C. |authorlink=R. C. Majumdar|title=The History and Culture of the Indian People|url=https://books.google.co.za/books?id=0Q5uAAAAMAAJ|volume=Volume 7: The Mughul Empire [1526-1707]|year=1951a|publisher=Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan G. Allen & Unwin}}
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Majumdar|first=Ramesh Chandra|authorlink=R. C. Majumdar |title=The History and Culture of the Indian People|volume=Volume 8 The Maratha Supremacy|url=https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.108112/2015.108112.History-And-Culture-Of-The-Indian-People-Vol8-maratha-Supremacy#page/n533/mode/2up|year=1951b|publisher=[[Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan Educational Trust]]|location=Mumbai}}
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Majumdar|first=R. C. |authorlink=R. C. Majumdar|title=The History and Culture of the Indian People|url=https://books.google.co.za/books?id=0Q5uAAAAMAAJ|volume=Volume 7: The Mughul Empire [1526-1707]|year=1951|publisher=Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan |via=G. Allen & Unwin}}
 
* {{cite book| first = Malgonkar |last = Manohar | title = The Sea Hawk: Life and Battles of Kanoji Angrey | year = 1959 | page = 63|ref=harv|oclc=59302060}}
 
* {{cite book|title=Bengal: The British Bridgehead: Eastern India 1740–1828|author-link=P. J. Marshall|first=P. J.|last= Marshall|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|year=2006|pages=72–73|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lIZrfokYSY8C&pg=PA72|ref=harv}}
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Metcalfe |first=Charles Theophilus|editor-last=Kaye|editor-first= John William, Sir |title=Selections from the Papers of Lord Metcalfe: Late Governor-General of India, Governor of Jamaica, and Governor-General of Canada|url=https://archive.org/details/selectionsfromp01metcgoog|year=1855|publisher= Smith, Elder and Co|location=London}}
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Mehta|first=Jaswant Lal |title=Advanced Study in the History of Modern India 1707-1813|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d1wUgKKzawoC&pg=PA140|year=2005|publisher=Sterling|isbn=978-1-932705-54-6}}
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Mittal|first=Satish Chandra |title=Haryana: A Historical Perspective|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2RKTigrrP1cC&pg=PA13|year=1986|publisher=Atlantic |location=New Delhi}}
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Montgomery|first=Bernard Law|authorlink=Bernard Montgomery|title=A Concise History of Warfare|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1n1rPgAACAAJ|year=1972|publisher=Collins}}
 
* {{Cite book|title=Battles of the Honourable East India Company: Making of the Raj|isbn=978-81-313-0034-3|location=New Delhi|publisher=APH Publishing|year=2006|first=M.S|last=Naravane|url=https://books.google.com/?id=bxsa3jtHoCEC|ref=harv}}
 
* {{cite book|first=Pramod K. |last=Nayar|title=English Writing and India, 1600–1920: Colonizing Aesthetics|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wpZ9AgAAQBAJ&pg=PA64|date= 2008|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-134-13150-1|ref=harv}}
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Nehru|first=Jawaharlal |authorlink=Jawaharlal Nehru|title=Discovery of India|url=https://archive.org/details/DiscoveryOfIndia|year=1946|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Delhi}}
 
* {{cite book| title= Shivaji |page=21|isbn= 81-237-0647-2|publisher=National Book Trust |url= https://books.google.com/?id=_Rcfbh5e1_sC|first=Setumadhavarao S. |last=Pagdi |year= 1993|ref=harv}}
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Parker|first=Brannon |title=Orissa In The Crossfire-Kandhamal Burning|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ostlAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA15|year=2011|publisher=Lulu.com|isbn=978-0-557-18643-3}}
 
* {{cite journal |first=M. N. |last=Pearson |title=Shivaji and the Decline of the Mughal Empire |journal=The Journal of Asian Studies |volume=35 |issue=2 |pp=221–235 |date=February 1976 |jstor=2053980 |subscription=yes |doi=10.2307/2053980|ref=harv}}
 
* {{cite book|title=Encyclopaedic History of Indian Freedom Movement|first=Om|last=Prakash|publisher=Anmol Publications |year=2002|location=New Delhi|isbn=978-81-261-0938-8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8ArbyWUf4j8C|ref=harv}}
 
* {{cite book |title=The Indian Princes and their States |series=[[The New Cambridge History of India]] |first=Barbara N. |last=Ramusack |authorlink=Barbara Ramusack |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2004 |isbn=978-1-139-44908-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kz1-mtazYqEC&pg=PA35|ref=harv}}
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Rath|first=Saraju |title=Aspects of Manuscript Culture in South India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FaZs3T8hRToC&pg=PA164|year=2012|publisher=Brill|isbn=90-04-21900-5}}
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Rathod|first=N. G. |title=The Great Maratha Mahadaji Scindia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uPq640stHJ0C|year=1994|publisher=Sarup & Sons|location=New Delhi|isbn=978-81-85431-52-9}}
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Richards|first=John F. |title=The Mughal Empire|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HHyVh29gy4QC&pg=PR12|year=1995|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-56603-2}}
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Roy|first=Kaushik |title=War, Culture and Society in Early Modern South Asia, 1740-1849|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zp0FbTniNaYC&pg=PA103|year=2011|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-136-79087-4}}
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Roy|first=Kaushik |title=India's Historic Battles: From Alexander the Great to Kargil|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jpXijlqeRpIC|year=2004|publisher=Orient Blackswan|isbn=978-81-7824-109-8}}
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|first1=A.K|last1=Saini |last2=Chand|first2=Hukam|title=History Of Midieval India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=meN0GwpRWhUC&pg=PA97|publisher=Anmol Publications|location=New Delhi|isbn=978-81-261-2313-1|date=n.d.}}
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Sampath|first=Vikram |title=Splendours of Royal Mysore|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3aFmtr4MdLQC&pg=PT238|edition=Paperback|year=2008|publisher=Rupa & Company|isbn=978-81-291-1535-5}}
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Sardesai|first=Govind Sakharam|title=A History of Modern India ...: Marathi Riyasat|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H_NEQwAACAAJ|volume=Volume 2|year=1935}}
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Sarkar|first=Jadunath |authorlink=Jadunath Sarkar|title=Fall of the Mughal Empire: 1754-1771. (Panipat)|url={{google books|plainurl=yes|id=sgfVAAAAMAAJ|keywords=Haji Atai Khan, the slayer of Govind Ballal, fell with nearly 3000 other Dur- ranis, their surviving comrades were}}|edition=2nd|volume=Vol. 2|year=1950|publisher=M.C. Sarkar}}
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Sarkar|first=Jadunath|title=Fall Of The Mughal Empire|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gKOqA9lgtbwC|edition=4th|volume= Vol. I|year=1991|publisher=Orient Longman|isbn=978-81-250-1149-1|author-link=Jadunath Sarkar}}
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Sarkar|first=Jadunath |authorlink=Jadunath Sarkar|title=A History of Jaipur: C. 1503-1938|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O0oPIo9TXKcC|year=1994|publisher=Orient Blackswan|isbn=978-81-250-0333-5}}
 
* {{cite book|first=Karl J.|last= Schmidt|title=An Atlas and Survey of South Asian History|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BqdzCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA54|date=2015|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-317-47681-8|ref=harv}}
 
* {{cite book|title=Anglo-Maratha Relations, 1785–96|volume=Vol. 2 |first=Sailendra Nath|last=Sen|publisher=Popular Prakashan|year=1994|location=Bombay|isbn=978-81-7154-789-0|url=https://books.google.com/?id=Y-kanqrtVhYC&dq=9788171547890|ref=harv}}
 
* {{cite book|last=Sen|first= S.N|title=History Modern India|edition=3rd |date= 2006|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ga-pmgxsWwoC&pg=PA12 |ref=harv|publisher=New Age|isbn=}}
 
* {{cite book|last=Sen|first=Sailendra Nath |title=An Advanced History of Modern India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bXWiACEwPR8C&pg=PA1941-IA82|year=2010|publisher=Macmillan India|isbn=978-0-230-32885-3|pages=1941–|ref=harv}}
 
Sətir 216 ⟶ 157:
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last1=Sheil|first1=Lady Mary Leonora Woulfe |last2=Sheil|first2=Sir Justin |authorlink2=Justin Sheil|title=Glimpses of Life and Manners in Persia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zYZi0qSfHxoC|year=1856|publisher=[[John Murray (publisher)|John Murray]]}}
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Singh|first=Harbakhsh |title=War Despatches: Indo-Pak Conflict 1965|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fCaaQmq-u-YC&pg=PA213|year=2011|publisher=Lancer|isbn=978-1-935501-29-9}}
 
* {{cite book|title=Administrative System in India: Vedic Age to 1947|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S30xOPtnzZYC&pg=PA93|page=93|first=U.B. |last=Singh|year=1998|publisher=APH Publishing|ref=harv}}
 
* {{cite book|first=Gordon|last= Stewart|title=The Marathas 1600-1818|volume= Volume II . 4|series= New Cambridge History of India,|publisher=Cambridge University Press|date= 1993|ref=harv|url=https://books.google.co.za/books?id=iHK-BhVXOU4C}}
 
* {{cite book|first1=Harish |last1=Trivedi|first2=Richard |last2=Allen|title=Literature and Nation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V9ufrUyISBsC&pg=PA30|year=2000|publisher=Psychology Press|isbn=978-0-415-21207-6|ref=harv}}
 
* {{cite journal|last1=Turchin|first1=Peter|last2=Adams|first2=Jonathan M.|last3=Hall|first3=Thomas D.|title=East-West Orientation of Historical Empires and Modern States|journal=Journal of World-Systems Research|volume=12|issue=2|year=2006|pages=219–229|issn=1076-156X|doi=10.5195/JWSR.2006.369|ref=harv}}
 
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Sridharan|first=K. |title=Sea: Our Saviour|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9PiwJF7V4EQC&pg=PA43|year=2000|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-81-224-1245-1}}
 
* {{Citation|year=1930|author=United States Court of Customs and Patent Appeals|title=Court of Customs and Patent Appeals Reports|volume=18|location=Washington|oclc=2590161|publisher=Supreme Court of the United States|url=https://books.google.com/?id=OIcdAAAAMAAJ&q=E.+F.+BENDLER&dq=E.+F.+BENDLER}}
 
* {{cite journal |title=Shivaji Maharaj: Growth of a Symbol |first=Malavika |last=Vartak |journal=Economic and Political Weekly |volume=34 |issue=19 |date=8–14 May 1999 |pages=1126–1134 |jstor=4407933 |subscription=yes|ref=harv}}
 
Sətir 240 ⟶ 173:
* [[Britaniya Hindistanı]]
* [[Maratxlar]]
{{commonsVikianbar categorykateqoriyası|Maratha Empire}}
 
[[Kateqoriya:1674-cü ildə yarananlar]]