Türki (linqvonim)

Türki — islam dünyasında fars və ərəb dillərindən fərqli olaraq bütün türk dillərini ifadə etmək üçün tez-tez istifadə olunan termin.^[1]^[2]

Müxtəlif zaman və regional kontekstlərdə türki linqvonimi aşağıdakıları ifadə edə bilər:

cığatay dili.^[1]^[3]
Azərbaycan dilinin tarixi adlarından biri.^[4]^[5]^[3] Cənubi Azərbaycanda indi də işlədilir.^[6]
X–XIV əsrlər qədim türk ədəbi dili.^[7]
Qədim tatar dili..
Qədim Anadolu dili.^[3]
Ərəb ədəbiyyatında məmlük-qıpçaq dili.

Qərb akademik ədəbiyyatında türki sözü ilə əvvəllər yalnız şərqi türkcə (cığatay) dilini nəzərdə tutulurdu, bu da bəzən alimlər arasında səhvlərə yol açır.^[1] Məsələn, Eduard Qranvil Braun mərkəzi İranda yaradılmış XV əsrin sonlarına aid "Tarix-i Xətai" mənbəsini cığatay dili kimi təsnif etmişdir, çünki tərcüməçi orijinal dili "türki" adlandırmışdır.^[1] Digər görkəmli alim Lourens Lokhart səhvən Nadir şahın doğma oğuz-türk dilini cığatay dili kimi müəyyən etmişdir.^[2]

Mənbə

İstinadlar

↑ ¹ ² ³ ⁴ Ildiko Beller-Hann The Oghuz split: the emergence of Turc Ajämi as a written idiom // Materialia Turcica. — С. 115.
↑ ¹ ² Tourkhan Gandjei, The Turkish inscription of Kalat-i Nadiri, Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde des Morgenlandes, Vol. 69 (1977), pp. 45-53
↑ ¹ ² ³ Flemming, 2018
↑ Willem Floor, Hasan Javadi The Role of Azerbaijani Turkish in Safavid Iran // Iranian Studies. Vol. 46. Issue 4. — 2013. — С. 569—581.

Orijinal mətn {{}}

During the Safavid period Azerbaijani Turkish, or, as it was also referred to at that time, Qizilbash Turkish, occupied an important place in society, and it was spoken both at court and by the common people. Although Turkish was widely spoken in Safavid Iran this fact is rarely mentioned. Usually neither Persian nor European authors mention in which language people communicated with each other. The Turkish spoken in Safavid Iran was mostly what nowadays is referred to as Azeri or Azerbaijani Turkish. However, at that time it was referred to by various other names. It would seem that the poet and miniaturist Sadeqi Afshar (1533–1610), whose mother tongue was not Azerbaijani Turkish, but Chaghatay (although he was born in Tabriz), was the first to refer to speakers of Qizilbashi (motakallemin-e Qizilbash), but he, and one century later ‘Abdol-Jamil Nasiri, were the exception to this general rule of calling the language “Turki.”1 The Portuguese called it Turquesco. Other Europeans and most Iranians called it Turkish or Turki. For the sake of simplicity and to avoid confusion we call the Turkic language used in Safavid Iran, Azerbaijani Turkish.
↑ Glanville Price. Azeri (by Tourkhan Gandjeï) // Encyclopedia of the Languages of Europe. — 2000 — С. 22.
↑ Süer Eker. . 2008. ISSN 1305-5992.
↑ М. З. Закиев Татары: проблемы истории и языка — Казань, 1995 г.

Ədəbiyyat

Barbara Flemming. Essays on Turkish Literature and History. Leiden, Boston. 2018. ISBN 2017037118.

[:0-1] ¹ ² ³ ⁴ Ildiko Beller-Hann The Oghuz split: the emergence of Turc Ajämi as a written idiom // Materialia Turcica. — С. 115.

[:1-2] ¹ ² Tourkhan Gandjei, The Turkish inscription of Kalat-i Nadiri, Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde des Morgenlandes, Vol. 69 (1977), pp. 45-53

[FOOTNOTEFlemming2018-3] ¹ ² ³ Flemming, 2018

[4] Willem Floor, Hasan Javadi The Role of Azerbaijani Turkish in Safavid Iran // Iranian Studies. Vol. 46. Issue 4. — 2013. — С. 569—581.

Orijinal mətn {{}}

During the Safavid period Azerbaijani Turkish, or, as it was also referred to at that time, Qizilbash Turkish, occupied an important place in society, and it was spoken both at court and by the common people. Although Turkish was widely spoken in Safavid Iran this fact is rarely mentioned. Usually neither Persian nor European authors mention in which language people communicated with each other. The Turkish spoken in Safavid Iran was mostly what nowadays is referred to as Azeri or Azerbaijani Turkish. However, at that time it was referred to by various other names. It would seem that the poet and miniaturist Sadeqi Afshar (1533–1610), whose mother tongue was not Azerbaijani Turkish, but Chaghatay (although he was born in Tabriz), was the first to refer to speakers of Qizilbashi (motakallemin-e Qizilbash), but he, and one century later ‘Abdol-Jamil Nasiri, were the exception to this general rule of calling the language “Turki.”1 The Portuguese called it Turquesco. Other Europeans and most Iranians called it Turkish or Turki. For the sake of simplicity and to avoid confusion we call the Turkic language used in Safavid Iran, Azerbaijani Turkish.

[5] Glanville Price. Azeri (by Tourkhan Gandjeï) // Encyclopedia of the Languages of Europe. — 2000 — С. 22.

[6] Süer Eker. . 2008. ISSN 1305-5992.

[7] М. З. Закиев Татары: проблемы истории и языка — Казань, 1995 г.

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