Dal Riada krallığı
Dal Riada və ya Dalriada (ortagel: Dál Riata) — erkən orta əsrlərdə Şotlandiyanın qərb sahillərini (müasir Arqayl-end-Büt və Haylendin cənub əraziləri, eləcə də Xarici Hebrid adaları) və İrlandiyanın şimalını (indiki Antrim qraflığının əraziləri) idarə etmiş tarixi gel krallığı. Krallığın əsas yaşayış məntəqəsi Dunadd qalası idi.
Tarixi krallıq | |
Dal Riada krallığı | |
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şot.kelt Dál Riata | |
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Rəsmi dilləri | Ortagel dili |
Dövlət dini |
İrland Xristianlıq |
İdarəetmə forması | Mütləq monarxiya |
Kral | |
• ??? | Loarn mak Erk |
• 642 — 650 | I Ferxar |
• 768 — 778 | Ed |
• 843 — 858 | I Kennet |
Davamiyyət | |
→ | |
Vikianbarda əlaqəli mediafayllar |
Dal Riada və şotland tayfaları (Tuat) haqda ilk məlumat 314-cü ildə verilir. V əsrin axırlarında Dal Riadanın İrlandiya qisminin əhalisi çoxalmışdı, buna görə də irlandlar Dal Riadanın Böyük Britaniya qisminə köçdülər. Bu ərazi Şotlandiya Dal Riadası olaraq bilinir. 843-cü ildə Dalriada kralı Kennet mak Alpin Piktaviyanı ihlaq etmiş, Şotlandiya krallığını qurmuşdur.
Etimologiya
redaktəDál Riata adı qədim irland dilindən törəyib. Dál ingilis dilindəki Dole, alman dilindəki Teil, fransız dilindəki Taille, italyan dilindəki Taglia və latın dilindəki Tāliō sözləriylə eyni mənanı kəsb edir. Söz pay, hissə, qisim mənasını verir (burada: "torpağın bir qismi"). Riata və ya Riada şəxs adı olduğuna inanılır. Beləliklə, krallığın adının mənası – "Riadanın payı".
Ədəbiyyat
redaktə- Adomnán, Life of St Columba, tr. & ed. Richard Sharpe. Penguin, London, 1995. ISBN 0-14-044462-9
- Anderson, Alan Orr, Early Sources of Scottish History A.D. 500–1286, volume 1. Reprinted with corrections. Paul Watkins, Stamford, 1990. ISBN 1-871615-03-8
- Bannerman, John, Studies in the History of Dalriada. Scottish Academic Press, Edinburgh, 1974. ISBN 0-7011-2040-1
- Bannerman, John, "The Scottish Takeover of Pictland" in Dauvit Broun & Thomas Owen Clancy (eds.) Spes Scotorum: Hope of Scots. Saint Columba, Iona and Scotland. T & T Clark, Edinburgh, 1999. ISBN 0-567-08682-8
- Bardon, Jonathan. A History of Ulster. The Black Staff Press. 2005. ISBN 978-0-85640-764-2.
- Cormac McSparron; Brian Williams; Cormac Bourke. The excavation of an Early Christian rath with later medieval occupation at Drumadoon, Co. Antrim. Royal Irish Academy. 2009.
- Broun, Dauvit, "Aedán mac Gabráin" in Michael Lynch (ed.), The Oxford Companion to Scottish History. Oxford UP, Oxford, 2001. ISBN 0-19-211696-7
- Broun, Dauvit, "Dál Riata" in Lynch (2001).
- Broun, Dauvit, "Pictish Kings 761–839: Integration with Dál Riata or Separate Development" in Sally M. Foster (ed.), The St Andrews Sarcophagus: A Pictish masterpiece and its international connections. Four Courts, Dublin, 1998. ISBN 1-85182-414-6
- Byrne, Francis John, Irish Kings and High-Kings. Batsford, London, 1973. ISBN 0-7134-5882-8
- Campbell, Ewan, Saints and Sea-kings: The First Kingdom of the Scots. Canongate, Edinburgh, 1999. ISBN 0-8624-1874-7
- Charles-Edwards, T.M., Early Christian Ireland. Cambridge UP, Cambridge, 2000. ISBN 0-521-36395-0
- Clancy, Thomas Owen, "Columba, Adomnán and the Cult of Saints in Scotland" in Broun & Clancy (1999).
- Clancy, Thomas Owen, "Church institutions: early medieval" in Lynch (2001).
- Clancy, Thomas Owen, "Iona in the kingdom of the Picts: a note" in The Innes Review, volume 55, number 1, 2004, pp. 73–76. ISSN 0020-157X
- Clancy, Thomas Owen, "Ireland: to 1100" in Lynch (2001).
- Cowan, E.J., "Economy: to 1100" in Lynch (2001).
- Forsyth, Katherine, "Languages of Scotland, pre-1100" in Lynch (2001).
- Forsyth, Katherine, "Origins: Scotland to 1100" in Jenny Wormald (ed.), Scotland: A History, Oxford UP, Oxford, 2005. ISBN 0-19-820615-1
- Foster, Sally M., Picts, Gaels, and Scots: Early Historic Scotland. Batsford, London, 2004. ISBN 0-7134-8874-3
- Fraser, James. St Columba and the convention at Druimm Cete: peace and politics at seventh-century Iona. Ediniburgh University Press. 2007.
- Laing, Lloyd & Jenny Lloyd, The Picts and the Scots. Sutton, Stroud, 2001. ISBN 0-7509-2873-5
- Mackie, J.D., A History of Scotland. London: Penguin, 1991. ISBN 0-14-013649-5
- McDonald, R. Andrew, The Kingdom of the Isles: Scotland's Western Seaboard, c. 1100–c. 1336. Tuckwell, East Linton, 2002. ISBN 1-898410-85-2
- Markus, Fr. Gilbert, O.P., "Iona: monks, pastors and missionaries" in Broun & Clancy (1999).
- Markus, Fr. Gilbert, O.P., "Religious life: early medieval" in Lynch (2001).
- Markus, Fr. Gilbert, O.P., "Conversion to Christianity" in Lynch (2001).
- Mac Néill, Eoin, Celtic Ireland. Dublin, 1921. Reprinted Academy Press, Dublin, 1981. ISBN 0-906187-42-7
- Nicolaisen, W.F.H., Scottish Place-names. B.T. Batsford, London, 1976. Reprinted, Birlinn, Edinburgh, 2001. ISBN 0-85976-556-3
- Ó Corráin, Donnchadh, "Vikings in Ireland and Scotland in the ninth century" in Peritia 12 (1998), pp. 296–339. Etext (pdf)
- Ó Cróinín, Dáibhí, Early Medieval Ireland: 400–1200. Longman, London, 1995. ISBN 0-582-01565-0
- Oram, Richard, "Rural society: medieval" in Lynch (2001).
- Owen, Olwyn, The Sea Road: A Viking Voyage through Scotland. Canongate, Edinburgh, 1999. ISBN 0-86241-873-9
- Rodger, N.A.M., The Safeguard of the Sea. A Naval History of Great Britain, volume one 660–1649. Harper Collins, London, 1997. ISBN 0-00-638840-X
- Ross, David, Scottish Place-names. Birlinn, Edinburgh, 2001. ISBN 1-84158-173-9
- Sellar, W.D.H., "Gaelic laws and institutions" in Lynch (2001).
- Sharpe, Richard, "The thriving of Dalriada" in Simon Taylor (ed.), Kings, clerics and chronicles in Scotland 500–1297. Four Courts, Dublin, 2000. ISBN 1-85182-516-9
- Smyth, Alfred P., Warlords and Holy Men: Scotland AD 80–1000. Edinburgh UP, Edinburgh, 1984. ISBN 0-7486-0100-7
- Taylor, Simon, "Seventh-century Iona abbots in Scottish place-names" in Broun & Clancy (1999).
- Taylor, Simon, "Place names" in Lynch (2001).
- Woolf, Alex, "Age of Sea-Kings: 900–1300", in Donald Omand (ed.), The Argyll Book. Birlinn, Edinburgh, 2004. ISBN 1-84158-253-0
- Woolf, Alex, "Nobility: early medieval" in Lynch (2001).
- Woolf, Alex, From Pictland to Alba, 789–1070, The New Edinburgh History of Scotland, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2007. ISBN 978-0-7486-1234-5
Xarici keçidlər
redaktə- CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts at University College Cork
- The Corpus of Electronic Texts includes the Annals of Ulster, Tigernach, the Four Masters and Innisfallen, the Chronicon Scotorum, the Lebor Bretnach, Genealogies, and various Saints' Lives. Most are translated into English, or translations are in progress
- Annals of Clonmacnoise at Cornell
- Bede's Ecclesiastical History and its Continuation (pdf), at CCEL, translated by A.M. Sellar.
- Digital archive of excavations associated with Lane & Campbell, Dunadd: An early Dalriadic capital at Glasgow University Dept. of Archaeology
- Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland (PSAS) through 1999 (pdf).
- A history of Kintyre Arxivləşdirilib 2012-03-04 at the Wayback Machine
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